Explanation
A cascading failure is a failure that grows over time as a result of positive feedback. It can occur when a portion of an overall system fails, increasing theprobability that other portions of the system fail.
the circuit breaker pattern prevents the service from performing an operation that is likely to fail. For example, a client service can use a circuit breaker to prevent further remote calls over the network when a downstream service is not functioning properly. This can also prevent the network from becoming congested by a sudden spike in failed retries by one service to another, and it can also prevent cascading failures. Self-healing circuit breakers check the downstream service at regular intervals and reset the circuit breaker when the downstream service starts functioning properly.

https://blogs.oracle.com/developers/getting-started-with-microservices-part-three